Detailed profile of this breed: origin, year of creation, recognised varieties and official approvals.
Summary of the breed
The King pigeon is one of the largest domestic pigeon breeds. It has a robust frame, a deep chest and a calm demeanor. Typical measurements are body length 45 to 60 cm; wingspan 60 to 80 cm; weight 2.0 to 4.0 kg. Plumage varies widely including blue, white, black and pied or checkered patterns. The King pigeon is kept as a show bird and in some regions for meat. Reproduction typically includes 1 to 2 eggs per clutch and an incubation period of 17 to 19 days. Lifespan in captivity is commonly 6 to 12 years. Housing and care require a spacious loft, clean conditions and regular exercise. Diet consists of a balanced seed and grain mix with greens and grit. Behavior is generally calm and sociable with handlers and other birds. Strengths include its large size and docile nature. Limitations include the need for space and the fact that it is not a fast flyer.
Detailed origin
The exact origin is not fully documented. The breed emerged through crossing large exhibition and meat capable pigeons in Europe and North America during the 19th century. It was refined by breeders and later standardized by breed clubs in both continents during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, leading to wide distribution.
Detailed description
Morphology is robust with a broad chest and straight back. The neck is medium length and the tail is near horizontal when at rest. The plumage is smooth and dense. Color patterns include blue, white, black and pied or checkered variants. The bird has a calm temperament and forms strong pair bonds. In terms of care the King pigeon needs a large loft with perches and floor space per bird. Feeding should be a high quality seed mix with grains and occasional greens. Reproduction is typically monogamous with pair breeding; nests are simple and eggs are laid 1 to 2 per clutch; incubation 17 to 19 days; both parents participate in incubation and chick rearing. Common health concerns include obesity if feeding is excessive and joint issues in older birds. Good practice includes regular exercise, routine health checks and a balanced diet.
Recognised varieties for this breed
- King self white
- King black
- King dun
- King red
- King yellow
- King brown
- King khaki
- King ash-red self
- King ash-yellow self
- King intense and dilute lavender
- King spangled or tiger in black
- King spread
- King dark checked
- King checked
- King barred
- King barless in blue
- King silver
- King ash-yellow
- King ash-red
- King grizzle spread
- King andalusian blue grizzle
- King homozygous grizzle in blue
- King indigo spread
- King homozygous indigo in blue
- King andalusian
- King homozygous andalusian in blue
- King dominant opal spread
- King grison bleu
- King silver grizzle
- King red grizzle
- King yellow grizzle
- King brown grizzle
- King khaki grizzle
- King reduced spread
- King harlequin
- King kite
- King faded
- King golden dun
- King agate in red and yellow
- King deroy